1.时间：2023年11月23日15:00
2.参加方式：
线下地点：中国科学院植物研究所牡丹楼E202会议室
3.报告简介
【报告题目】 The 30% Solution: neither necessary nor sufficient
【报告摘要】
At COP15, many nations approved the “30-30 solution — protect 30% of the land and oceans by 2030. I ask: is the 30% solution necessary or sufficient?
The current state of play is that human actions drive species to extinction about a thousand times faster than they diversify through evolution [1].
Extinctions are primarily in areas — hotspots — where high levels of habitat loss collide with concentrations of species with small geographical ranges. The principal means of preventing species extinctions is the creation of protected areas. Most are in remote places, too hot, too dry, or too cold for human habitation. Generally, these places have few vulnerable species. Despite this, the fraction of small-ranged species protected is substantially larger than one would expect. The conservation community has done an excellent job of protection [2].
Will expanding the protected area network to 30% improve things? Not if it’s business as usual, for more land will not equate to more species. In protecting more areas, quality matters, not quantity. Importantly, many protected areas are small and isolated. To maximise effectiveness, we must restore fragmented landscapes, allowing the remnant populations to connect and species to move in response to a heating climate [3].
【References】
[1] Pimm, S. L., C. N. Jenkins, R. Abell, T. M. Brooks, J. L. Gittleman, L. N. Joppa, P. H. Raven, C. M. Roberts, J. O. Sexton (2014). The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science 344, 987. (Review article: full version online 1246752. DOI: 10.1126/science.1246752.
[2] Li, B.V. and Pimm, S.L. (2020). How China expanded its protected areas to conserve biodiversity. Current Biology, 30(22), pp.R1334-R1340.
[3] Pimm SL, Jenkins CN. (2019). Connecting Habitats to Prevent Species Extinctions. American Scientist.107(3):162-9.
4.报告人简介
Stuart Pimm is a world leader in the study of present-day extinctions and what can be done to prevent them. His research covers the reasons why species become extinct, how fast they do so, the global patterns of habitat loss and species extinction and, importantly, the management consequences of this research. Pimm received his BSc degree from Oxford University in 1971 and his Ph.D. from New Mexico State University in 1974. Pimm is the author of over 350 scientific papers and five books. He is one of the most highly cited environmental scientists. Pimm wrote the highly acclaimed assessment of the human impact to the planet: The World According to Pimm: a Scientist Audits the Earth in 2001. His commitment to the interface between science and policy has led to his testimony to both House and Senate Committees on the re-authorization of the Endangered Species Act. He was worked and taught in Africa for nearly 30 years on elephants, most recently lions — through National Geographic’s Big Cats Initiative — but always on topics that relate to the conservation of wildlife and the ecosystems on which they depend. Other research areas include the Everglades of Florida and tropical forests in South America, especially the Atlantic Coast forest of Brazil and the northern Andes — two of the world's "hotspots" for threatened species. His international honours include the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement (2010), the Dr. A.H. Heineken Prize for Environmental Sciences from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (2006), the Society for Conservation Biology’s Edward T. LaRoe III Memorial Award (2006), and the Marsh Award for Conservation Biology, from the Marsh Christian Trust (awarded by the Zoological Society of London in 2004). Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, awarded him the William Proctor Prize for Scientific Achievement in 2007. In 2019, he won the International Cosmos Prize, which recognised his founding and directing Saving Nature, www.savingnature.org, a non-profit that uses donations for carbon emissions offsets to fund local conservation groups in areas of exceptional tropical biodiversity to restore their degraded lands.
